In addition to other taxes, there is hereby imposed on every employer an excise tax, with respect to having individuals in his employ, equal to 6.2 percent of the wages (as defined in section 3121(a)) paid by the employer with respect to employment (as defined in section 3121(b)).
In addition to the tax imposed by the preceding subsection, there is hereby imposed on every employer an excise tax, with respect to having individuals in his employ, equal to 1.45 percent of the wages (as defined in section 3121(a)) paid by the employer with respect to employment (as defined in section 3121(b)).
During any period in which there is in effect an agreement entered into pursuant to section 233 of the Social Security Act with any foreign country, wages received by or paid to an individual shall be exempt from the taxes imposed by this section to the extent that such wages are subject under such agreement exclusively to the laws applicable to the social security system of such foreign country.
If a qualified tax-exempt organization hires a qualified veteran with respect to whom a credit would be allowable under section 38 by reason of section 51 if the organization were not a qualified tax-exempt organization, then there shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by subsection (a) on wages paid with respect to employment of all employees of the organization during the applicable period an amount equal to the credit determined under section 51 (after application of the modifications under paragraph (3)) with respect to wages paid to such qualified veteran during such period.
The aggregate amount allowed as a credit under this subsection for all qualified veterans for any period with respect to which tax is imposed under subsection (a) shall not exceed the amount of the tax imposed by subsection (a) on wages paid with respect to employment of all employees of the organization during such period.
For purposes of paragraph (1), section 51 shall be applied—
(A) by substituting "26 percent" for "40 percent" in subsection (a) thereof,
(B) by substituting "16.25 percent" for "25 percent" in subsection (i)(3)(A) thereof, and
(C) by only taking into account wages paid to a qualified veteran for services in furtherance of the activities related to the purpose or function constituting the basis of the organization's exemption under section 501.
The term "applicable period" means, with respect to any qualified veteran, the 1-year period beginning with the day such qualified veteran begins work for the organization.
For purposes of this subsection—
(A) the term "qualified tax-exempt organization" means an employer that is an organization described in section 501(c) and exempt from taxation under section 501(a), and
(B) the term "qualified veteran" has the meaning given such term by section 51(d)(3).
In the case of a taxpayer who has made an election under section 41(h) for a taxable year—
(A) there shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by subsection (a) for the first calendar quarter which begins after the date on which the taxpayer files the return specified in section 41(h)(4)(A)(ii) an amount equal to so much of the payroll tax credit portion determined under section 41(h)(2) as does not exceed the limitation of subclause (I) of section 41(h)(4)(B)(i) (applied without regard to subclause (II) thereof), and
(B) there shall be allowed as a credit against the tax imposed by subsection (b) for the first calendar quarter which begins after the date on which the taxpayer files the return specified in section 41(h)(4)(A)(ii) an amount equal to so much of the payroll tax credit portion determined under section 41(h)(2) as is not allowed as a credit under subparagraph (A).
The credit allowed by paragraph (1)(A) shall not exceed the tax imposed by subsection (a) for any calendar quarter, and the credit allowed by paragraph (1)(B) shall not exceed the tax imposed by subsection (b) for any calendar quarter, on the wages paid with respect to the employment of all individuals in the employ of the employer.
If the amount of any credit under paragraph (1) exceeds the limitation of paragraph (2) for any calendar quarter, such excess shall be carried to the succeeding calendar quarter and allowed as a credit under paragraph (1) for such quarter.
The credits allowed under paragraph (1) shall not be taken into account for purposes of determining the amount of any deduction allowed under chapter 1 for taxes imposed under subsection (a) or (b).
(Aug. 16, 1954, ch. 736, 68A Stat. 416; Sept. 1, 1954, ch. 1206, title II, §208(c), 68 Stat. 1094; Aug. 1, 1956. ch. 836, title II, §202(c), 70 Stat. 845; Pub. L. 85–840, title IV, §401(c), Aug. 28, 1958, 72 Stat. 1042; Pub. L. 87–64, title II, §201(c), June 30, 1961, 75 Stat. 141; Pub. L. 89–97, title I, §111(c)(6), title III, §321(c), July 30, 1965, 79 Stat. 343, 396; Pub. L. 90–248, title I, §109(a)(3), (b)(3), Jan. 2, 1968, 81 Stat. 836, 837; Pub. L. 92–5, title II, §204(a)(2), Mar. 17, 1971, 85 Stat. 11; Pub. L. 92–336, title II, §204(a)(3), (b)(3), July 1, 1972, 86 Stat. 421, 422; Pub. L. 92–603, title I, §135(a)(3), (b)(3), Oct. 30, 1972, 86 Stat. 1363, 1364; Pub. L. 93–233, §6(a)(2), (b)(3), Dec. 31, 1973, 87 Stat. 954, 955; Pub. L. 94–455, title XIX, §1903(a)(1), Oct. 4, 1976, 90 Stat. 1806; Pub. L. 95–216, title I, §101(a)(2), (b)(2), title III, §§315(b), 317(b)(2), Dec. 20, 1977, 91 Stat. 1511, 1512, 1537, 1540; Pub. L. 98–21, title I, §123(a)(2), Apr. 20, 1983, 97 Stat. 88; Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §9006(b)(1), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–289; Pub. L. 100–647, title VIII, §8016(a)(5), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3793; Pub. L. 108–203, title IV, §415, Mar. 2, 2004, 118 Stat. 530; Pub. L. 111–147, title I, §101(a), Mar. 18, 2010, 124 Stat. 72; Pub. L. 112–56, title II, §261(e)(2), Nov. 21, 2011, 125 Stat. 730; Pub. L. 113–295, div. A, title II, §221(a)(99)(B), Dec. 19, 2014, 128 Stat. 4051; Pub. L. 114–113, div. Q, title I, §121(c)(2), Dec. 18, 2015, 129 Stat. 3051; Pub. L. 115–141, div. U, title IV, §401(a)(208), (b)(34), Mar. 23, 2018, 132 Stat. 1194, 1204; Pub. L. 117–169, title I, §13902(b), Aug. 16, 2022, 136 Stat. 2013.)
Section 233 of the Social Security Act, referred to in subsec. (c), is classified to section 433 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
2022—Subsec. (f)(1). Pub. L. 117–169, §13902(b)(1), substituted "for a taxable year—" for "for a taxable year," and designated remainder of existing provisions as subpar. (A), substituted "equal to so much of the" for "equal to the" and "as does not exceed the limitation of subclause (I) of section 41(h)(4)(B)(i) (applied without regard to subclause (II) thereof), and" for period at end, and added subpar. (B).
Subsec. (f)(2). Pub. L. 117–169, §13902(b)(2), substituted "paragraph (1)(A)" for "paragraph (1)" and inserted ", and the credit allowed by paragraph (1)(B) shall not exceed the tax imposed by subsection (b) for any calendar quarter," after "calendar quarter".
Subsec. (f)(3). Pub. L. 117–169, §13902(b)(3), substituted "any credit" for "the credit".
Subsec. (f)(4). Pub. L. 117–169, §13902(b)(4), substituted "credits" for "credit" and "subsection (a) or (b)" for "subsection (a)".
2018—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 115–141, §401(b)(34), struck out subsec. (d) which provided for a special exemption for certain individuals hired in 2010.
Subsec. (e)(5)(B). Pub. L. 115–141, §401(a)(208), substituted "has the meaning" for "has meaning".
2015—Subsec. (f). Pub. L. 114–113 added subsec. (f).
2014—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 113–295, §221(a)(99)(B)(i), substituted "6.2 percent of the wages (as defined in section 3121(a)) paid by the employer with respect to employment (as defined in section 3121(b))." for "the following percentages of the wages (as defined in section 3121(a)) paid by him with respect to employment (as defined in section 3121(b))—" and table of rates.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 113–295, §221(a)(99)(B)(ii), substituted "1.45 percent of the wages (as defined in section 3121(a)) paid by the employer with respect to employment (as defined in section 3121(b))." for "the following percentages of the wages (as defined in section 3121(a)) paid by him with respect to employment (as defined in section 3121(b))—
"(1) with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1974 through 1977, the rate shall be 0.90 percent;
"(2) with respect to wages paid during the calendar year 1978, the rate shall be 1.00 percent;
"(3) with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1979 and 1980, the rate shall be 1.05 percent;
"(4) with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1981 through 1984, the rate shall be 1.30 percent;
"(5) with respect to wages paid during the calendar year 1985, the rate shall be 1.35 percent; and
"(6) with respect to wages paid after December 31, 1985, the rate shall be 1.45 percent."
2011—Subsec. (e). Pub. L. 112–56 added subsec. (e).
2010—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 111–147 added subsec. (d).
2004—Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 108–203 substituted "exclusively to the laws applicable to" for "to taxes or contributions for similar purposes under".
1988—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 100–647 made technical correction to directory language of Pub. L. 100–203, §9006(b)(1), see 1987 Amendment note below.
1987—Subsecs. (a), (b). Pub. L. 100–203, as amended by Pub. L. 100–647, struck out "and (t)" after "3121(a)" in introductory provisions.
1983—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 98–21 substituted table of rates for pars. (1) to (7) which had imposed a tax on every employer (1) with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1974 through 1977 at the rate of 4.95 percent, (2) with respect to wages paid during the calendar year 1978 at the rate of 5.05 percent, (3) with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1979 and 1980 at the rate of 5.08 percent, (4) with respect to wages paid during the calendar year 1981 at the rate of 5.35 percent, (5) with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1982 through 1984 at the rate of 5.40 percent, (6) with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1985 through 1989 at the rate of 5.70 percent, and (7) with respect to wages paid after Dec. 31, 1989, at the rate of 6.20 percent.
1977—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 95–216, §§101(a)(2), 315(b), substituted "(as defined in section 3121(a) and (t))" for "(as defined in section 3121(a))" in provisions preceding par. (1), substituted "1974 through 1977" for "1974 through 2010" in par. (1), substituted "wages paid during the calendar year 1978, the rate shall be 5.05 percent" for "wages paid after December 31, 2010, the rate shall be 5.95 percent" in par. (2), and added pars. (3) to (7).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 95–216, §§101(b)(2), 315(b), substituted "(as defined in section 3121(a) and (t))" for "(as defined in section 3121(a))" in provisions preceding par. (1), substituted "wages paid during the calendar year 1978, the rate shall be 1.00 percent" for "wages paid during the calendar years 1978 through 1980, the rate shall be 1.10 percent", in par. (2), substituted "wages paid during the calendar years 1979 and 1980, the rate shall be 1.05 percent" for wages paid during the calendar years 1981 through 1985, the rate shall be 1.35 percent" in par. (3), substituted "wages paid during the calendar years 1981 through 1984, the rate shall be 1.30 percent" for "wages paid after December 31, 1985, the rate shall be 1.50 percent" in par. (4), and added pars. (5) and (6).
Subsec. (c). Pub. L. 95–216, §317(b)(2), added subsec. (c).
1976—Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 94–455, §1903(a)(1)(A), redesignated pars. (5) and (6) as (1) and (2). Former pars. (1) to (4), which related to a tax rate of 3.8 percent with respect to wages received during the taxable year 1968, a tax rate of 4.2 percent with respect to wages received during the calendar year 1969 and 1970, a tax rate of 4.6 percent with respect to wages received during the calendar years 1971 and 1972, and a tax rate of 4.85 percent with respect to wages received during the calendar year 1973, respectively, were struck out.
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 94–455, §1903(a)(1)(B), redesignated pars. (3) to (6) as (1) to (4), respectively. Former pars. (1) and (2), which related to a tax rate of .60 percent with respect to wages received during the calendar years 1968, 1969, 1970, 1971, and 1972 and a tax rate of 1.0 percent with respect to wages received during the calendar year 1973, respectively, were struck out.
1973—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(a)(2), struck out provision for application of 4.85 percent rate of tax during calendar years 1974, 1975, 1976, and 1977.
Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(a)(2), increased rate of tax from 4.80 percent to 4.95 percent and substituted calendar year "1974" to "1978" as initial year for application of such rate.
Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(a)(2), increased rate of tax from 5.85 percent to 5.95 percent.
Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(b)(3), struck out provision for application of 1.0 percent rate of tax during calendar years 1974, 1975, 1976, and 1977.
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(b)(3), incorporated former provision of par. (2) for taxation of wages received during calendar years 1974, 1975, 1976, and 1977, decreased the applicable rate of tax from 1.0 percent to 0.90 percent, and struck out provision for 1.25 percent rate of tax for calendar years 1978, 1979, and 1980.
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(b)(3), incorporated former provision of par. (3) for taxation of wages received during calendar years 1978, 1979, and 1980, decreased the applicable rate of tax from 1.25 percent to 1.10 percent, and struck out provision for 1.35 percent rate of tax for calendar years 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, and 1985.
Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(b)(3), incorporated former provision of par. (4) for taxation of wages received during calendar years 1981 through 1985 at applicable 1.35 percent rate of tax and struck out provision for 1.45 percent rate of tax for wages received after Dec. 31, 1985.
Subsec. (b)(6). Pub. L. 93–233, §6(b)(3), incorporated former provision of par. (5) for taxation of wages received after Dec. 31, 1985 and increased the applicable rate of tax from 1.45 percent to 1.50 percent.
1972—Subsec. (a)(3). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(a)(3)(A), substituted "the calendar years 1971 and 1972" for "any of the calendar years 1971 through 1977".
Subsec. (a)(3) to (5). Pub. L. 92–336, §204(a)(3), substituted "any of the calendar years 1971 through 1977" for "the calendar years 1971 and 1972" in par. (3), "any of the calendar years 1978 through 2010" for "the calendar years 1973, 1974, and 1975" and "4.5" for "5.0" in par. (4), and "December 31, 2010" for "December 31, 1975" and "5.35" for "5.15" in par. (5).
Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(a)(3)(B), substituted "received during the calendar years 1973, 1974, 1975, 1976, and 1977, the rate shall be 4.85 percent;" for "received during any of the calendar years 1978 through 2010, the rate shall be 4.5 percent; and".
Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(a)(3)(B), substituted "received during the calendar years 1978 through 2010, the rate shall be 4.80 percent; and" for "received after December 31, 2010, the rate shall be 5.35 percent".
Subsec. (a)(6). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(a)(3)(B), added par. (6).
Subsec. (b)(2). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(b)(3), increased rate to 1.0 percent from 0.9 percent.
Subsec. (b)(2) to (5). Pub. L. 92–336, §204(b)(3), inserted references to 1976 and 1977 and substituted "0.9" for "0.65" in par. (2), substituted references for the calendar years 1978 through 1985 for references to the calendar years 1976 through 1979 and substituted "1.0" for "0.70" in par. (3), substituted references for the calendar years 1986 through 1992 for references to the calendars 1980 through 1986 and substituted "1.1" for "0.80" in par. (4), and substituted "1992" and "1986" and "1.2" for "0.9" in par. (5).
Subsec. (b)(3). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(b)(3), substituted "and 1980, the rate shall be 1.25 percent" for "1980, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, and 1985, the rate shall be 1.0 percent".
Subsec. (b)(4). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(b)(3), substituted "1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, and 1985, the rate shall be 1.35 percent" for "1986, 1987, 1988, 1989, 1990, 1991, and 1992, the rate shall be 1.1 percent".
Subsec. (b)(5). Pub. L. 92–603, §135(b)(3), substituted "1985, the rate shall be 1.45 percent" for "1992, the rate shall be 1.2 percent".
1971—Subsec. (a)(4). Pub. L. 92–5 substituted "with respect to wages paid during the calendar years 1973, 1974, and 1975, the rate shall be 5.0 percent; and" for "with respect to wages paid after December 31, 1972, the rate shall be 5.0 percent".
Subsec. (a)(5). Pub. L. 92–5 added par. (5).
1968—Subsec. (a)(1) to (4). Pub. L. 90–248, §109(a)(3), substituted "1968" and "3.8" for "1966" and "3.85" in par. (1) and "1969 and 1970" and "4.2" for "1967 and 1968" and "3.9" in par. (2), struck out reference to calendar years 1969 and 1970 from par. (3) and substituted therein "4.6" for "4.4", and substituted "5.0" for "4.85" in par. (4).
Subsecs. (b)(1) to (5). Pub. L. 90–248, §109(b)(3), struck out par. (1) provision for employer rate of 0.35 percent of wages paid with respect to employment during calendar year 1966, redesignated pars. (2) to (6) as (1) to (5), struck out reference to "1967" in such par. (1) and increased the rate by 0.10 percent to 0.60, 0.65, 0.70, 0.80, and 0.90 in pars. (1) to (5), respectively.
1965—Pub. L. 89–97, §321(c), divided the total excise tax imposed under the entire section upon employers through a tax equal to percentages of wages paid by him into two separate taxes by dividing the section into subsecs. (a) and (b), with subsec. (a) reflecting the tax for old-age, survivors, and disability insurance, and subsec. (b) reflecting the tax for hospital insurance, but, in the case of subsec. (b), without regard to the provisions of section 3121(b)(9) insofar as it relates to employees; increased from 41/8 percent to 4.20 percent the rate of total tax imposed by the entire section upon wages paid during calendar year 1966 (resulting from a tax of 3.85 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.35 percent under subsec. (b)), increased from 41/8 percent to 4.40 percent the rate of total tax imposed by the entire section upon wages paid during calendar year 1967 (resulting from a tax of 3.9 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.50 percent under subsec. (b)), reduced from 45/8 percent to 4.40 percent the rate of total tax imposed by the entire section upon wages paid during calendar year 1968 (resulting from a tax of 3.9 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.50 percent under subsec. (b)), increased from 45/8 percent to 4.90 percent the rate of total tax imposed by the entire section upon wages paid during the calendar years 1969, 1970, 1971, and 1972 (resulting from a tax of 4.4 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.50 percent under subsec. (b)), increased from 45/8 percent to 5.40 percent the rate for calendar years 1973, 1974, and 1975 (resulting from a tax of 4.85 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.55 percent under subsec. (b)), increased from 45/8 percent to 5.45 percent the rate for calendar years 1976, 1977, 1978, and 1979 (resulting from a tax of 4.85 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.60 percent under subsec. (b)), increased from 45/8 percent to 5.55 percent the rate for calendar years 1980 through 1986 (resulting from a tax of 4.85 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.70 percent under subsec. (b)), and increased the rate from 45/8 percent to 5.65 percent for calendar years after December 31, 1986 (resulting from a tax of 4.85 percent under subsec. (a) and 0.80 percent under subsec. (b)).
Subsec. (b). Pub. L. 89–97, §111(c)(6), struck out ", but without regard to the provisions of paragraph (9) thereof insofar as it relates to employees" after "as defined in section 3121(b)".
1961—Pub. L. 87–64 increased rate of tax for calendar year 1962 from 3 to 31/8 percent, calendar years 1963 to 1965, inclusive, from 3½ to 35/8 percent, calendar years 1966 and 1967 from 4 to 41/8 percent, calendar year 1968 from 4 to 45/8 percent, and for calendar years after December 31, 1968, from 4½ to 45/8 percent.
1958—Pub. L. 85–840 increased rate of tax by substituting provisions imposing a tax of 2½ percent for calendar year 1959, 3 percent for calendar years 1960–62, 3½ percent for calendar years 1963–65, 4 percent for calendar years 1966–68, and 4½ percent for calendar years beginning after Dec. 31, 1968, for provisions which imposed a tax of 2¼ percent for calendar years 1957–59, 2¾ percent for calendar years 1960–64, 3¼ percent for calendar years 1965–69, 3¾ percent for calendar years 1970–74, and 4¼ percent for calendar years beginning after Dec. 31, 1974.
1956—Act Aug. 1, 1956, increased rate of tax with respect to wages paid during calendar years 1957 to 1959, and for all calendar years thereafter, by one-quarter percent.
1954—Act Sept. 1, 1954, increased 3¼ percent rate of tax for calendar year 1970 and subsequent years to 3½ percent for calendar years 1970 to 1974 and 4 percent for 1975 and subsequent years.
Amendment by Pub. L. 117–169 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2022, see section 13902(d) of Pub. L. 117–169, set out as a note under section 41 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 114–113 applicable to taxable years beginning after Dec. 31, 2015, see section 121(d)(3) of Pub. L. 114–113, set out as a note under section 38 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 113–295 effective Dec. 19, 2014, subject to a savings provision, see section 221(b) of Pub. L. 113–295, set out as a note under section 1 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 112–56 applicable to individuals who begin work for the employer after Nov. 21, 2011, see section 261(g) of Pub. L. 112–56, set out as a note under section 51 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 111–147 applicable to wages paid after Mar. 18, 2010, see section 101(e) of Pub. L. 111–147, set out as a note under section 51 of this title.
Pub. L. 100–647, title VIII, §8016(b), Nov. 10, 1988, 102 Stat. 3793, provided that:
"(1) Except as provided in paragraph (2), the amendments made by this section [amending this section, sections 3121 and 3306 of this title, and sections 405, 410, and 411 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare] shall be effective on the date of the enactment of this Act [Nov. 10, 1988].
"(2) Any amendment made by this section to a provision of a particular Public Law which is referred to by its number, or to a provision of the Social Security Act [42 U.S.C. 301 et seq.] or the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 as added or amended by a provision of a particular Public Law which is so referred to, shall be effective as though it had been included or reflected in the relevant provisions of that Public Law at the time of its enactment."
Pub. L. 100–203, title IX, §9006(c), Dec. 22, 1987, 101 Stat. 1330–289, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 3121 of this title] shall apply with respect to tips received (and wages paid) on and after January 1, 1988."
Amendment by Pub. L. 98–21 applicable to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1983, see section 123(a)(3) of Pub. L. 98–21, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
Amendment by section 101(a)(2), (b)(2) of Pub. L. 95–216 applicable with respect to remuneration paid or received, and taxable years beginning, after 1977, see section 104 of Pub. L. 95–216, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Pub. L. 95–216, title III, §315(c), Dec. 20, 1977, 91 Stat. 1537, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending this section and section 3121 of this title] shall apply with respect to wages paid with respect to employment performed in months after December 1977."
Amendment by Pub. L. 94–455 applicable with respect to wages paid after Dec. 31, 1976, see section 1903(d) of Pub. L. 94–455, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 93–233 applicable only with respect to remuneration paid after December 31, 1973, see section 6(c) of Pub. L. 93–233, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 92–603 applicable only with respect to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1972, see section 135(c) of Pub. L. 92–603, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 92–336 applicable only with respect to remuneration paid after December 31, 1972, see section 204(c) of Pub. L. 92–336, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 92–5 applicable only with respect to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1971, see section 204(b) of Pub. L. 92–5, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 90–248 applicable only with respect to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1967, see section 109(c) of Pub. L. 90–248, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Amendment by section 111(c)(6) of Pub. L. 89–97 applicable to calendar year 1966 or to any subsequent calendar year but only if by October 1 immediately preceding such calendar year the Railroad Retirement Tax Act (section 3201 et seq. of this title) provides for a maximum amount of monthly compensation taxable under such Act during all months of such calendar year equal to one-twelfth of maximum wages which Federal Insurance Contributions Act (section 3101 et seq. of this title) provides may be counted for such calendar year, see section 111(e) of Pub. L. 89–97, set out as an Effective Date note under section 1395i–1 of Title 42, The Public Health and Welfare.
Amendment by section 321(c) of Pub. L. 89–97 applicable with respect to remuneration paid after December 31, 1965, see section 321(d) of Pub. L. 89–97, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 87–64 applicable with respect to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1961, see section 201(d) of Pub. L. 87–64, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Amendment by Pub. L. 85–840 applicable with respect to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1958, see section 401(d) of Pub. L. 85–840, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
Amendment by act Aug. 1, 1956, applicable with respect to remuneration paid after Dec. 31, 1956, see section 202(d) of such act Aug. 1, 1956, set out as a note under section 1401 of this title.
For provisions that nothing in amendment by section 401(b)(34) of Pub. L. 115–141 be construed to affect treatment of certain transactions occurring, property acquired, or items of income, loss, deduction, or credit taken into account prior to Mar. 23, 2018, for purposes of determining liability for tax for periods ending after Mar. 23, 2018, see section 401(e) of Pub. L. 115–141, set out as a note under section 23 of this title.
For provision that no penalties or interest shall be assessed on account of any failure to make timely payment of taxes imposed by this section with respect to payments made for the period Jan. 1, 1982, and ending June 30, 1982, to the extent that such taxes are attributable to section 3 of Pub. L. 97–123 or the amendments made by that section, see section 3(f) of Pub. L. 97–123, set out as a note under section 3101 of this title.
Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title II, §2301, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 347, as amended by Pub. L. 116–260, div. EE, title II, §§206(a), (b), (c)(2), (d), 207(a)–(j), title III, §303(d)(3)(C)(iii), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3059–3065, 3077, provided that:
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(c)
"(1)
"(A) The taxes imposed under section 3111(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
"(B) So much of the taxes imposed under section 3221(a) of such Code as are attributable to the rate in effect under section 3111(a) of such Code.
"(2)
"(A)
"(i) which was carrying on a trade or business during the calendar quarter for which the credit is determined under subsection (a), and
"(ii) with respect to any calendar quarter, for which—
"(I) the operation of the trade or business described in clause (i) is fully or partially suspended during the calendar quarter due to orders from an appropriate governmental authority limiting commerce, travel, or group meetings (for commercial, social, religious, or other purposes) due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID–19), or
"(II) the gross receipts (within the meaning of section 448(c) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) of such employer for such calendar quarter are less than 80 percent of the gross receipts of such employer for the same calendar quarter in calendar year 2019.
With respect to any employer for any calendar quarter, if such employer was not in existence as of the beginning of the same calendar quarter in calendar year 2019, clause (ii)(II) shall be applied by substituting "2020" for "2019".
"(B)
"(i) subparagraph (A)(ii)(II) shall be applied—
"(I) by substituting 'for the immediately preceding calendar quarter' for 'for such calendar quarter', and
"(II) by substituting 'the corresponding calendar quarter in calendar year 2019' for 'the same calendar quarter in calendar year 2019', and
"(ii) the last sentence of subparagraph (A) shall be applied by substituting 'the corresponding calendar quarter in calendar year 2019' for 'the same calendar quarter in calendar year 2019'.
An election under this subparagraph shall be made at such time and in such manner as the Secretary shall prescribe.
"(C)
"(i) clauses (i) and (ii)(I) of subparagraph (A) shall apply to all operations of such organization, and
"(ii) any reference in this section to gross receipts shall be treated as a reference to gross receipts within the meaning of section 6033 of such Code.
"(3)
"(A)
"(i) in the case of an eligible employer for which the average number of full-time employees (within the meaning of section 4980H of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) employed by such eligible employer during 2019 was greater than 500, wages paid by such eligible employer with respect to which an employee is not providing services due to circumstances described in subclause (I) or (II) of paragraph (2)(A)(ii), or
"(ii) in the case of an eligible employer for which the average number of full-time employees (within the meaning of section 4980H of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986) employed by such eligible employer during 2019 was not greater than 500—
"(I) with respect to an eligible employer described in subclause (I) of paragraph (2)(A)(ii), wages paid by such eligible employer with respect to an employee during any period described in such clause, or
"(II) with respect to an eligible employer described in subclause (II) of such paragraph, wages paid by such eligible employer with respect to an employee during such quarter.
"(B)
"(4)
"(5)
"(A)
"(B)
"(i)
"(ii)
"(6)
"(d)
"(e)
"(f)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) any organization described in section 501(c)(1) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and exempt from tax under section 501(a) of such Code, or
"(B) any entity described in paragraph (1) if —
"(i) such entity is a college or university, or
"(ii) the principal purpose or function of such entity is providing medical or hospital care.
In the case of any entity described in subparagraph (B), such entity shall be treated as satisfying the requirements of subsection (c)(2)(A)(i).
"(g)
"(1)
"(2)
"(h)
"(1)
"(2)
"(i)
"(j)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A)
"(B)
"(C)
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(k)
"(l)
"(1) to allow the advance payment of the credit under subsection (a) as provided in subsection (j)(2), subject to the limitations provided in this section, based on such information as the Secretary shall require,
"(2) with respect to the application of the credit under subsection (a) to third party payors (including professional employer organizations, certified professional employer organizations, or agents under section 3504 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986), including regulations or guidance allowing such payors to submit documentation necessary to substantiate the eligible employer status of employers that use such payors, and
"(3) to prevent the avoidance of the purposes of the limitations under this section, including through the leaseback of employees.
Any forms, instructions, regulations, or guidance described in paragraph (2) shall require the customer to be responsible for the accounting of the credit and for any liability for improperly claimed credits and shall require the certified professional employer organization or other third party payor to accurately report such tax credits based on the information provided by the customer.
"(m)
"(n)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) provide to all employers which reported not more than 500 employees on the most recently filed return of applicable employment taxes a notice about the credit allowed under this section and the requirements for eligibility to claim the credit, and
"(B) not later than 30 days after the date of the enactment of this subsection, provide to all employers educational materials relating to the credit allowed under this section, including specific materials for businesses with not more than 500 employees."
[Pub. L. 116–260, div. EE, title II, §206(e), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3061, provided that:
["(1)
["(2)
["(A)
["(B)
["(i) are—
["(I) described in section 2301(c)(5)(B) of the CARES Act, as added by the amendments made by subsection (b), or
["(II) permitted to be treated as qualified wages under guidance issued pursuant to section 2301(g)(2) of the CARES Act (as added by subsection (c)), and
["(ii) were—
["(I) paid in a calendar quarter beginning after December 31, 2019, and before October 1, 2020, and
["(II) not taken into account by the taxpayer in calculating the credit allowed under section 2301(a) of division A of such Act for such calendar quarter."]
[Pub. L. 116–260, div. EE, title II, §207(k), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 3065, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending section 2301 of Pub. L. 116–136, set out above] shall apply to calendar quarters beginning after December 31, 2020."]
Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title II, §2302, Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 351, as amended by Pub. L. 116–142, §4(a), June 5, 2020, 134 Stat. 643, provided that:
"(a)
"(1)
"(2)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(c)
"(1)
"(2)
"(d)
"(1)
"(A) The taxes imposed under section 3111(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986.
"(B) So much of the taxes imposed under section 3211(a) of such Code as are attributable to the rate in effect under section 3111(a) of such Code.
"(C) So much of the taxes imposed under section 3221(a) of such Code as are attributable to the rate in effect under section 3111(a) of such Code.
"(2)
"(3)
"(A) December 31, 2021, with respect to 50 percent of the amounts to which subsection (a) or (b), as the case may be, apply, and
"(B) December 31, 2022, with respect to the remaining such amounts.
"(4)
"(e)
"(f)
[Pub. L. 116–142, §4(b), June 5, 2020, 134 Stat. 643, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending section 2302 of Pub. L. 116–136, set out above] shall be effective as if included in the CARES Act (Public Law 116–136) and shall apply to any loan made pursuant to section 7(a)(36) of the Small Business Act (15 U.S.C. 636(a)(36)) or section 1109 of the CARES Act [15 U.S.C. 9008]."]
Pub. L. 116–127, div. G, §7001, Mar. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 210, as amended by Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title III, §3606(a), Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 411; Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title II, §§286(a), (b)(1), 288(a)–(c), div. EE, title III, §303(d)(3)(C)(i), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1989, 1990, 1992, 3076, provided that:
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(A) 10, over
"(B) the aggregate number of days so taken into account for all preceding calendar quarters.
"(3)
"(4)
"(A)(i)
"(ii)
"(B)
"(c)
"(1) which are required to be paid by reason of the Emergency Paid Sick Leave Act [div. E (§5101 et seq.) of Pub. L. 116–127, 29 U.S.C. 2601 note], or
"(2) both—
"(A) which would be so required to be paid if such Act were applied—
"(i) by substituting 'March 31, 2021' for 'December 31, 2020' in section 5109 thereof, and
"(ii) without regard to section 5102(b)(3) thereof, and
"(B) with respect to which all requirements of such Act (other than subsections (a) and (b) of section 5105 thereof, and determined by substituting 'To be compliant with section 5102, an employer may not' for 'It shall be unlawful for any employer to' in section 5104 thereof) which would apply if so required are satisfied.
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(e)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(4)
"(4) [(5)]
"(f)
"(1) regulations or other guidance to prevent the avoidance of the purposes of the limitations under this section,
"(2) regulations or other guidance to minimize compliance and record-keeping burdens under this section,
"(3) regulations or other guidance providing for waiver of penalties for failure to deposit amounts in anticipation of the allowance of the credit allowed under this section,
"(4) regulations or other guidance for recapturing the benefit of credits determined under this section in cases where there is a subsequent adjustment to the credit determined under subsection (a),
"(5) regulations or other guidance to ensure that the wages taken into account under this section conform with the paid sick time required to be provided under the Emergency Paid Sick Leave Act, and
"(6) regulations or other guidance to permit the advancement of the credit determined under subsection (a).
"(g)
"(h)
"(i)
[Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title II, §288(f), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1993, provided that: "The amendments made by this section [amending section 7001 of Pub. L. 116–127, set out above, and sections 7003 and 7005 of Pub. L. 116–127, set out below] shall take effect as if included in the provisions of the Families First Coronavirus Response Act [Pub. L. 116–127] to which they relate."]
Pub. L. 116–127, div. G, §7003, Mar. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 214, as amended by Pub. L. 116–136, div. A, title III, §3606(b), (c), Mar. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 412; Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title II, §§286(a), (b)(3), 288(a)–(c), div. EE, title III, §303(d)(3)(C)(ii), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1989, 1990, 1992, 3077, provided that:
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(A) for any day (or portion thereof) for which the individual is paid qualified family leave wages, $200, and
"(B) in the aggregate with respect to all calendar quarters, $10,000.
"(2)
"(3)
"(A)
"(B)
"(c)
"(1) which are required to be paid by reason of the Emergency Family and Medical Leave Expansion Act [div. C of Pub. L. 116–127, see Short Title of 2020 Amendment note set out under section 2601 of Title 29, Labor] (including the amendments made by such Act), or
"(2) both—
"(A) which would be so required to be paid if section 102(a)(1)(F) of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 [29 U.S.C. 2612(a)(1)(F)], as amended by the Emergency Family and Medical Leave Expansion Act, were applied by substituting 'March 31, 2021' for 'December 31, 2020', and
"(B) with respect to which all requirements of the Family and Medical Leave Act of 1993 (other than section 107 [29 U.S.C. 2617] thereof, and determined by substituting 'To be compliant with section 102(a)(1)(F), an employer may not' for 'It shall be unlawful for any employer to' each place it appears in subsection (a) of section 105 [29 U.S.C. 2615] thereof, by substituting 'made unlawful in this title or described in this section' for 'made unlawful by this title' in paragraph (2) of such subsection, and by substituting 'To be compliant with section 102(a)(1)(F), an employer may not' for 'It shall be unlawful for any person to' in subsection (b) of such section) which relate to such section 102(a)(1)(F), and which would apply if so required, are satisfied.
"(d)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(e)
"(1)
"(2)
"(3)
"(4)
"(4) [(5)]
"(f)
"(1) regulations or other guidance to prevent the avoidance of the purposes of the limitations under this section,
"(2) regulations or other guidance to minimize compliance and record-keeping burdens under this section,
"(3) regulations or other guidance providing for waiver of penalties for failure to deposit amounts in anticipation of the allowance of the credit allowed under this section,
"(4) regulations or other guidance for recapturing the benefit of credits determined under this section in cases where there is a subsequent adjustment to the credit determined under subsection (a),
"(5) regulations or other guidance to ensure that the wages taken into account under this section conform with the paid leave required to be provided under the Emergency Family and Medical Leave Expansion Act (including the amendments made by such Act), and
"(6) regulations or other guidance to permit the advancement of the credit determined under subsection (a).
"(g)
"(h)
"(i)
[Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, §288(a)(1)(A), which directed amendment of section 7003(c) of Pub. L. 116–127, set out above, by inserting ", determined without regard to paragraphs (1) through (22) of section 3121(b) of such Code" after "as defined in section 3121(a) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986", was executed by making the insertion after "as defined in section 3121(a) of such Code" to reflect the probable intent of Congress.]
Pub. L. 116–127, div. G, §7005, Mar. 18, 2020, 134 Stat. 219, as amended by Pub. L. 116–260, div. N, title II, §§286(b)(5), 288(d), (e), Dec. 27, 2020, 134 Stat. 1991, 1992, provided that:
"(a)
"(b)
"(1)
"(2)
"(c)
§ 31.3111-1 | Measure of employer tax |
§ 31.3111-2 | Rates and computation of employer tax |
§ 31.3111-3 | When employer tax attaches |
§ 31.3111-4 | Liability for employer tax |
§ 31.3111-5 | Manner and time of payment of employer tax |
§ 31.3111-6T | Recapture of credits under the Families First Coronavirus Response Act and the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act |
The Regulations cited above were determined based on programmatic database analysis using data provided by the Government Publishing Office. TouchTax attempts to hide unrelated regulation provisions. Due to limited GPO data, however, certain unrelated regulations may appear in some instances.
 The preliminary Code is a preliminary release of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (the "Code") by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel and is subject to further revision before it is released again as a final version. The source of the preliminary Code used in TouchTax is available here: https://uscode.house.gov/download/download.shtml. The Code is a consolidation and codification by subject matter of the general and permanent laws of the U.S. prepared by the Office of the Law Revision Counsel of the U.S. House of Representatives. The Treasury Regulations are a codification of the general and permanent rules published in the Federal Register by the departments and agencies of the federal government. The version of the Treasury Regulations available within TouchTax is part of the Electronic Code of Federal Regulations which is not an official legal edition of the Code of Federal Regulations but is an editorial compilation of CFR material and Federal Register amendments produced by the National Archives and Records Administration's Office of the Federal Register (OFR) and the Government Publishing Office. The source of the CFR used in TouchTax is available here: https://www.govinfo.gov/bulkdata/ECFR/title-26. Those using TouchTax for legal research should verify their results against the printed versions of the Code and Treasury Regulations. TouchTax is copyright 2022 by Com-Lab (Mobile). Learn more at http://touchtax.edrich.de.