Notice 2013-31

This notice provides adjustments to the limitation on housing expenses for purposes of section 911 of the Internal Revenue Code (Code) for specific locations for 2013. These adjustments are made on the basis of geographic differences in housing costs relative to housing costs in the United States.

Section 911(a) of the Code allows a qualified individual to elect to exclude from gross income the foreign earned income and housing cost amount of such individual. Section 911(c)(1) defines the term “housing cost amount” as an amount equal to the excess of (A) the housing expenses of an individual for the taxable year to the extent such expenses do not exceed the amount determined under section 911(c)(2), over (B) 16 percent of the exclusion amount (computed on a daily basis) in effect under section 911(b)(2)(D) for the calendar year in which such taxable year begins ($267.40 per day for 2013, or $97,600 for the full year), multiplied by the number of days of that taxable year within the applicable period described in section 911(d)(1). The applicable period is the period during which the individual meets the tax home requirement of section 911(d)(1) and either the bona fide residence requirement of section 911(d)(1)(A) or the physical presence requirement of section 911(d)(1)(B). Assuming that the entire taxable year of a qualified individual is within the applicable period, the section 911(c)(1)(B) amount for 2013 is $15,616 ($97,600 x .16).

Section 911(c)(2)(A) of the Code limits the housing expenses taken into account in section 911(c)(1)(A) to an amount equal to (i) 30 percent (adjusted as may be provided under the Secretary’s authority under section 911(c)(2)(B)) of the amount (computed on a daily basis) in effect under section 911(b)(2)(D) for the calendar year in which the taxable year of the individual begins, multiplied by (ii) the number of days of that taxable year within the applicable period described in section 911 (d)(1). Thus, under this general limitation, a qualified individual whose entire taxable year is within the applicable period is limited to maximum housing expenses of $29,280 ($97,600 x .30) in 2013.

Section 911(c)(2)(B) of the Code authorizes the Secretary to issue regulations or other guidance to adjust the percentage under section 911(c)(2)(A)(i) based on geographic differences in housing costs relative to housing costs in the United States. Pursuant to this authority, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and the Treasury Department published Notice 2006-87, 2006-2 C.B. 766, and Notice 2007-25, 2007-1 C.B. 760, for 2006; Notice 2007-77, 2007-2 C.B. 735, for 2007; Notice 2008-107, 2008-2 C.B. 1266, for 2008 and 2009; Notice 2010-27, 2010-15 I.R.B. 531, for 2009 and 2010; Notice 2011-8, 2011-8 I.R.B. 503, for 2010 and 2011; and Notice 2012-19, 2012-10 I.R.B. 440, for 2012 and 2013 to provide adjustments to the limitation on housing expenses for qualified individuals incurring housing expenses in countries with high housing costs relative to housing costs in the United States.

The following table provides adjusted limitations on housing expenses (in lieu of the otherwise applicable limitation of $29,280) for 2013.

For some locations, the limitation on housing expenses provided in section 3 of this notice may be higher than the limitation on housing expenses provided in the “Table of Adjusted Limitations for 2012” in Notice 2012-19. A qualified individual incurring housing expenses in such a location during 2012 may apply the adjusted limitation on housing expenses provided in section 3 of this notice in lieu of the amounts provided in the “Table of Adjusted Limitations for 2012” in Notice 2012-19 (and as set forth in the Instructions to Form 2555 (2012)).

The IRS and the Treasury Department anticipate that future annual notices providing adjustments to housing expense limitations will make a similar election available to qualified individuals that incur housing expenses in the immediately preceding year. For example, when adjusted housing expense limitations for 2014 are issued, it is expected that taxpayers will be permitted to apply those adjusted limitations to the 2013 taxable year.

This notice supersedes Notice 2006-87, 2006-2 C.B. 766; Notice 2007-25, 2007-1 C.B. 760; Notice 2007-77; 2007-2 C.B. 735; Notice 2008-107, 2008-2 C.B. 1266; Notice 2010-27, 2010-15 I.R.B. 531; Notice 2011-8, 2011-8 I.R.B. 503; and Notice 2012-19, 2012-10 I.R.B. 440.

This notice is effective for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2013. However, as provided in section 4, a taxpayer may elect to apply the 2013 adjusted housing limitations contained in section 3 of this notice to his or her taxable year beginning in 2012.

The principal author of this notice is Susan E. Massey of the Office of Associate Chief Counsel (International). For further information regarding this notice contact Ms. Massey at (202) 622-3840 (not a toll-free call).